fresco
noun
Did you know?
If the word fresco brings to mind images of eating an alfresco meal—that is, a meal eaten outside “in the fresh air”—your gut is on the right track: fresco is Italian for “fresh,” and the culinary usage is relatively common in English. But what puts the “fresh” in the English fresco is not so appetizing: the name of this art form refers to the fresh plaster used in it. Fresco is an ancient art, used as early as the Minoan civilization on Crete, but it reached the height of its popularity during the Italian Renaissance of the late 15th and early 16th centuries. Fresco comes in two types: in fresco secco (“dry fresco”), a dry wall is soaked in limewater, and lime-resistant pigments are then applied; in buon fresco (“good fresco”; buon fresco is also called “true” fresco), used by Michelangelo in his 16th century Sistine Chapel frescos, pigments are fused directly with wet plaster.
Did you know?
Fresco and the Art World
The Italian word fresco means “fresh” and comes from a Germanic word akin to the source of English fresh. In the Renaissance, pittura a fresco, meaning “painting freshly,” referred to paint applied while the plaster on the wall was still wet, as opposed to pittura a secco “painting dryly,” in which paint is applied when the plaster was dry. In English, fresco appears earliest as part of the phrase in fresco; it does not appear as a noun referring to a painting until 1670. A different sense of Italian fresco, meaning “fresh air,” appears in the phrase al fresco “outdoors,” borrowed into English as alfresco and used particularly in reference to dining outdoors.
Examples of fresco in a Sentence
Jim Halterman, IndieWire, 24 Feb. 2025
Spirited sophistication flourishes within its walls: an Ai Weiwei triptych hangs under a ceiling covered in original frescoes, and in my room, rosy-pink Gucci wallpaper depicted herons and dragonflies.
—Marcia Desanctis, Travel + Leisure, 19 Feb. 2025
Much of the cavernous interior of this UNESCO World Heritage site — a former 19th-century care home — was painted in the 1930s by the celebrated Mexican muralist José Clemente Orozco, whose brutal, moving imagery evokes the Spanish conquest in frescoes.
—Freda Moon, New York Times, 13 Feb. 2025
Inside the feudal fortress, decorative interiors include frescoes credited to Benedetto Bembo, such as Camera d’Oro, a room that depicts courtly interactions between Pier Maria Rossi and Bianca Pellegrini and recounts the tale of their love.
—Gulnaz Khan, AFAR Media, 13 Feb. 2025
See All Example Sentences for fresco
Cite this Entry
“Fresco.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/fresco. Accessed 18 Apr. 2025.
Copy CitationKids Definition
fresco
noun
Italian, from fresco "fresh"
Share