polio

noun

po·​lio ˈpō-lē-ˌō How to pronounce polio (audio)
: an infectious disease especially of young children that is caused by the poliovirus

Note: Individuals infected with the poliovirus are often asymptomatic. In approximately 25% of cases, polio presents as a mild to moderate illness marked by headache, fever, sore throat, vomiting, diarrhea, and fatigue. Polio affects the central nervous system only infrequently with inflammation and sometimes destruction of the motor neurons in the gray matter of the spinal cord and brain stem. Central nervous system involvement results in temporary or permanent muscle weakness or motor paralysis especially of the limbs and typically the legs. Polio may become life-threatening when paralysis affects the muscles involved in breathing and swallowing.

And the dreaded disease polio was virtually eliminated in 1955 when the Salk vaccine was approved for public use.Mary Beth Norton et al.
The longstanding quest to eradicate polio is attracting a new injection of funds from donors around the world, as health leaders grapple with obstacles from ridding conflict areas of the virus to a shortage of vaccine.Betsy McKay

called also infantile paralysis, poliomyelitis

see post-polio syndrome
polio-like adjective
or poliolike
a polio-like disease
polio-like paralysis

Examples of polio in a Sentence

Recent Examples on the Web
Examples are automatically compiled from online sources to show current usage. Read More Opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.
Two of the divisions were unscathed: global immunization, which supports vaccine distributions for polio and other diseases, and global health protection, which is responsible for disease surveillance, gathering information and drawing on their network of labs. Fatma Tanis, NPR, 4 Apr. 2025 Thousands of people a year in the U.S. alone fell ill with polio, a virus that can cause paralysis until 1955, when the country licensed its first polio vaccine. Michelle Marchante, Miami Herald, 15 Mar. 2025 More than 30 states saw declines in vaccination rates for polio, varicella and diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis during the 2023-24 school year. Aria Bendix, NBC News, 1 Mar. 2025 The New York Times: The State Department terminated funding for polio, HIV, malaria and nutrition programs around the world, using terse emails to communicate the cutoff. Alexis Simendinger, The Hill, 28 Feb. 2025 See All Example Sentences for polio

Word History

Etymology

short for poliomyelitis

First Known Use

1911, in the meaning defined above

Time Traveler
The first known use of polio was in 1911

Browse Nearby Words

Cite this Entry

“Polio.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/polio. Accessed 16 Apr. 2025.

Kids Definition

polio

noun
po·​lio ˈpō-lē-ˌō How to pronounce polio (audio)

Medical Definition

polio

noun
po·​lio ˈpō-lē-ˌō How to pronounce polio (audio)
: an infectious disease especially of young children that is caused by the poliovirus

Note: Individuals infected with the poliovirus are often asymptomatic. In approximately 25% of cases, polio presents as a mild to moderate illness marked by headache, fever, sore throat, vomiting, diarrhea, and fatigue. Polio affects the central nervous system only infrequently with inflammation and sometimes destruction of the motor neurons in the gray matter of the spinal cord and brain stem. Central nervous system involvement results in temporary or permanent muscle weakness or flaccid paralysis of muscles especially of the limbs and typically the legs. Polio may become life-threatening when paralysis affects the muscles involved in breathing and swallowing.

Thanks to the Salk and Sabin vaccines, the specter of crippling polio that once made summers an apprehensive time for Americans has long since passed.People Weekly
While the last case of naturally occurring polio in the United States was in 1979, the disease remains prevalent in other areas of the world.Evan Johnson, The Addison County (Vermont) Independent

called also infantile paralysis, poliomyelitis

see post-polio syndrome

More from Merriam-Webster on polio

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