polygraph

noun

poly·​graph ˈpä-lē-ˌgraf How to pronounce polygraph (audio)
: an instrument for recording variations of several different pulsations (as of physiological variables) simultaneously compare lie detector
polygraphic adjective

Did you know?

With its graph- root, polygraph indicates that it writes out several different results. A polygraph's output consists of a set of squiggly lines on a computer screen, each indicating one function being tested. The functions most commonly measured are blood pressure, breathing rate, pulse, and perspiration, all of which tend to increase when you lie. Polygraphs have been in use since 1924, and have gotten more sensitive over the years, though many experts still believe that they're unreliable and that a prepared liar can fool the machine. They're used not only for law enforcement but perhaps more often by employers--often the police department itself!--who don't want to hire someone who has broken the law in the past but won't admit to it.

Examples of polygraph in a Sentence

They hooked him up to the polygraph and began the test. She was asked to take a polygraph.
Recent Examples on the Web
Examples are automatically compiled from online sources to show current usage. Read More Opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.
After 15 years of speculation surrounding Gary Coleman’s death, his ex-wife, Shannon Price, took a polygraph test in attempt to defend her innocence. Vivian Kwarm, New York Daily News, 8 July 2025 The first test was inconclusive and she was threatened again with being thrown into the East River by the man administering the polygraph, Clark said. Nbc News, NBC news, 27 May 2025 Baker passed a polygraph test arranged by his attorney. Doc Louallen, ABC News, 21 Mar. 2025 Nova Scotia's Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) announced on Wednesday that investigators have conducted polygraph interviews as part of the effort to determine what happened to Lilly and Jack Sullivan, siblings who vanished from their home in Lansdowne Station on May 2. Jenna Sundel, MSNBC Newsweek, 11 June 2025 See All Example Sentences for polygraph

Word History

Etymology

borrowed from French polygraphe, from poly- poly- + -graphe -graph

Note: As a word for such an instrument, polygraphe was apparently introduced by the French physiologist and inventor Étienne-Jules Maret (1830-1904). Compare "Des appareils enregistreurs en biologie," part 6 of "Histoire naturelle des corps organisés," Revue des cours scientifiques de la France et de l'étranger, 4. annéee (1867), p. 695: "Je vais mettre sous vos yeux l'enregistreur perfectionné que j'emploie aujourd'hui dans un grand nombre de circonstances. J'appelle polygraphe cet appareil, qui peut fournir le graphique d'un grand nombre de phénomènes différents." ("I am going to place before your eyes a perfected recording device that I have used in a great number of situations. I am calling this device a polygraph, which can provide a graphic record of a great number of different phenomena.") The word polygraph had been used earlier in English for a voluminous or versatile writer (after Greek polýgraphos "writing much"), an imitator, and an instrument resembling a pantograph.

First Known Use

1871, in the meaning defined above

Time Traveler
The first known use of polygraph was in 1871

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Cite this Entry

“Polygraph.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/polygraph. Accessed 21 Jul. 2025.

Kids Definition

polygraph

noun
poly·​graph ˈpäl-i-ˌgraf How to pronounce polygraph (audio)
: an instrument for recording changes in several bodily functions (as blood pressure and rate of breathing) at the same time
compare lie detector

Medical Definition

polygraph

noun
poly·​graph ˈpäl-i-ˌgraf How to pronounce polygraph (audio)
: an instrument for simultaneously recording variations of several different pulsations (as of the pulse, blood pressure, and respiration) see lie detector
polygraphic adjective
polygraphically adverb

Legal Definition

polygraph

noun
poly·​graph ˈpä-lē-ˌgraf How to pronounce polygraph (audio)
: an instrument that records physiological pulsations
especially : lie detector
polygraphic adjective

More from Merriam-Webster on polygraph

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