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Synonym Chooser

How is the word vain distinct from other similar adjectives?

Some common synonyms of vain are empty, hollow, idle, nugatory, and otiose. While all these words mean "being without worth or significance," vain implies either absolute or relative absence of value.

vain promises

How are the words empty and hollow related as synonyms of vain?

Both empty and hollow suggest a deceiving lack of real substance or soundness or genuineness.

an empty attempt at reconciliation
a hollow victory

When is it sensible to use idle instead of vain?

The synonyms idle and vain are sometimes interchangeable, but idle suggests being incapable of worthwhile use or effect.

idle speculations

When would nugatory be a good substitute for vain?

In some situations, the words nugatory and vain are roughly equivalent. However, nugatory suggests triviality or insignificance.

a monarch with nugatory powers

In what contexts can otiose take the place of vain?

The words otiose and vain can be used in similar contexts, but otiose suggests that something serves no purpose and is either an encumbrance or a superfluity.

a film without a single otiose scene

Example Sentences

Examples are automatically compiled from online sources to show current usage. Read More Opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.
Recent Examples of vain Some men smeared cedar sap on their faces in a vain effort to repel mosquitoes and deerflies. / Cbs News, CBS News, 13 June 2025 Anything beyond that was seen as unnecessary, even vain. Larry Stansbury, Essence, 10 June 2025 Cowdrey was struck a painful blow by Somerset’s Adrian Jones the following week while trying in vain to lead Kent to the County Championship title and, brutally, his time in charge of the national team was quietly curtailed. Paul Newman, New York Times, 19 June 2025 But Simmons takes his time building his flawed character, who is soft-spoken in private, vain about his appearance and unfaithful to his wife. Pam Kragen, San Diego Union-Tribune, 2 June 2025 See All Example Sentences for vain
Recent Examples of Synonyms for vain
Adjective
  • In Superman, Bennett steps into the shoes of Steve Lombard, the Daily Planet's smug sports reporter.
    EW.com, EW.com, 28 June 2025
  • One of Ferrell’s biggest and best movies was this hilarious racing spoof, which followed the rise and fall and rise of a smug champion racer, his complicated friendship with best pal and fellow racer John C. Reilly, and his rivalry with an effete, snotty Frenchman played by Sacha Baron Cohen.
    Bilge Ebiri, Vulture, 27 June 2025
Adjective
  • Go with the flow, but not toward the beach: Trying to swim directly toward the beach when caught in a rip current is futile and exhausting.
    NC Weather Bot, Charlotte Observer, 6 July 2025
  • This group saw military responses as futile, as Iran was assumed to have escalation dominance.
    JAMES JEFFREY, Foreign Affairs, 4 July 2025
Adjective
  • The incumbents protect the fort until the fort is worthless (cliche cf.
    Forrester, Forbes.com, 2 July 2025
  • Ready for a Vogue cover, a spot on 'ET,' more worthless performative nonsense.
    Edward Segarra, USA Today, 30 June 2025
Adjective
  • Local entrepreneur and proud Macedonian Gordana Traycoff will lead the discussion with an evening of storytelling and cultural discovery.
    Post-Tribune, Chicago Tribune, 14 July 2025
  • Old Fitzgerald, the once proud brand with a century-long legacy, was tossed into the Bernheim sale like an extra trading card between kids to sweeten the deal, not to headline it.
    Chris Perugini, Forbes.com, 14 July 2025
Adjective
  • First responders also attempted to revive Riccardo, but were unsuccessful, the outlet added.
    Toria Sheffield, People.com, 12 July 2025
  • All attempts to resuscitate the man were unsuccessful, Park Service officials said.
    Julia Gomez, USA Today, 11 July 2025
Adjective
  • Whether you’re just getting started or you’re headed to the Med Spa, Noh has advice for how to up your skincare game, avoid empty trends, and DIY your skincare at home with her favorite products, face exercises, and step-by-step skincare routines.
    Carmen Rios, Flow Space, 7 July 2025
  • At the corner of West Boulevard and Romare Bearden Drive, the majority of a 3.5-acre lot sits empty.
    Briah Lumpkins, Charlotte Observer, 7 July 2025
Adjective
  • Her larger-than-life ego and past as a shaman make Player 044 come off as arrogant and selfish, getting under just about everyone's skin.
    EW.com, EW.com, 4 July 2025
  • In 2022, Ackles joined the cast of Prime Video's The Boys as arrogant superhero Soldier Boy.
    Brianne Tracy, People.com, 4 July 2025
Adjective
  • Towns and hamlets have been largely pulverized along the front lines and for miles beyond; even American air defenses are mostly useless, because setting them up invites an immediate Russian attack.
    Dexter Filkins, New Yorker, 14 July 2025
  • Apart from evidence, some of the most important testimonies in the case were also deemed useless during the investigation.
    Alex Gurley, People.com, 12 July 2025

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Cite this Entry

“Vain.” Merriam-Webster.com Thesaurus, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/thesaurus/vain. Accessed 19 Jul. 2025.

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